All you need to know about Tretinoin
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TRETINOIN
What is tretinoin?
Tretinoin (Retinoic acid) is a prescription strength form of Vitamin A that is used in skincare for its anti-ageing effects, benefits in pigmentation issues and the treatment of acne. There are less potent forms of Vitamin A that can be found in non-prescription skincare including retinaldehyde (retinal), retinol and retinyl esters.
How does it work?
Tretinoin works by increasing the turnover time of fibroblasts (skin cells) leading to increased shedding of skin and the formation of new, healthy skin cells. Increasing skin cell replenishment leads to improvements in fine lines, wrinkles, ageing skin and faster shedding of sebum and bacteria responsible for acne outbreaks.
How should tretinoin be used?
Tretinoin can lead to several problems when first used, including redness, irritation and flaking of the skin. It is recommended to start on a lower dose and apply it 2-3 times a week initially and gradually increase to once a day as the skin becomes tolerant. Tretinoin should be applied on the evening and the skin should not be washed for an hour. Only small amounts need to be used, a pea sized amount should be sufficient for the whole face.
If you suffer with dry or sensitive skin, moisturiser can be applied before and after tretinoin to help prevent side effects.
Avoid using other aggressive products or exfoliants on the skin when you first start using tretinoin.
Is tretinoin suitable for me?
Tretinoin is suitable for many skin types and problems, however it may not be suitable or harmful if you have any of the following:
- Allergy to tretinoin or excipients
- Pregnancy/Breast feeding
- Children under 16 years of age
- Certain skin conditions, such as eczema
- Sunburn or damaged skin
- Photosensitivity
How long does it take to see benefits?
If used daily, results can be obtained as soon as 6 weeks, as this about the normal skin cell turnover time. However, if only using tretinoin 2-3 times a week, this may be up to 12 weeks.
What are the side effects of tretinoin?
Most people will see a skin reaction when starting on tretinoin which includes redness, irritation, flaking skin, dryness and peeling (a retinol reaction). These effects can be minimised by using a lower dose, introducing it gradually and using small amounts.
The skin will also be more sensitive to the exposure of sunlight and it is essential to use a sun protection whilst using tretinoin.
How long should I use tretinoin for?
Tretinoin should be used until results have been obtained, this is often between 3 to 6 months. We do not recommend using tretinoin long term, although there is evidence to suggest that it is safe to use for long periods.