Retinols

Retinoids are derivatives of vitamin A that have been shown to be beneficial in helping manage acne and signs of ageing. Vitamin A was the first vitamin approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as an anti-wrinkle agent that can change the tone and clarity of the skin. Retinol can be purchased over the counter in doses of up to 2%, whereas stronger retinoids may require a prescription.

Retinoids are very different to other products that can be used on mature-looking skin concerns, as it does not remove dead skin cells, but instead helps to speed up the cell turnover, and prevents the breakdown of collagen. The small molecules that make up the retinoid product can penetrate the epidermis (outer layer of skin) and into the dermis (the middle layer of skin). Once in this layer of skin, the retinoid helps to neutralise free radicals, boosts the production of elastin and collagen, and creates a ‘plumping effect’, which can reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

It is important that prior to using retinoids, the potential risk of side effects are understood.